Coal breaker



Feb. 22 ,19274.

J. T. NORMAN GOAL BREAKER Filed Jun 5, 1925 2 Sheets-Sham'l 1 TTORNEYFeb. 22, 1927. 1,618,721

` J. T. NORMAN COAL BREAKER Filed June 3, 1925 2 51138105-5116 2Patented Feb. 22, 1927.

unirse stares 1,618,721 PATENT joFFics. y

JOSEPH T. NOR-MAN, OF NANTICOKE, FENNSYLVANIA.

COAL BREAKER.

Application filed June 3, 1925.

The 'invention generally relates to coal breakers and primarily has forits object to provide a simple and effective machine of the classstat-ed in which means is provided for imparting a. real breaking actionto the coal whereby to obtain the maximum of thepobecause of the greatwaste occasioned by un necessary pulverization of the coal. Among thesetypes, those commonlyused effect a breaking of the coal by impactrin thenature of sharp blows, by a crushing action either Vby close engagingparts or by varied speed traveling agencies, or by opposed toothedrollers. Of these types the latter is probably the most practical andmost commonly employed but is itself open to serious objection forseveral reasons, viz, the excessive pulverization of the coalby impropercoordination of the rollers, the loss by pulverization due to thenecessity of the coal falling a relatively great distance to and fromthe rollers, the great amount of work and expense in time and labornecessary in the adjustment of the relation of the rollers (it beingnecessary to completely remove and change driving gears and sometimesthe, rollers themselves) and because of the factV that it is possiblefor flat pieces-of coal to fall freely flatwise through the rollers andthe attendant necessity of regrading and retreating such pieces.

Therefore, my present invention, addressed to the efiicient eliminationof the ills above enumerated, has for a more detailed object to providemeans. for breaking the coal by a pressure actionso imparted as toassure cleavage thereof into the largest pieces possible and with asubstantial elimination of all waste.

With the above and-other objects in vview that will'hereinafter appearthe invention further resides in the novel Vdetails of con-y sectionvillustrating the invention.

Serial No. 34,707.

Figure 2 is a somewhat diagrammatic cross section of the invention andserves to illust-rate the means for transmitting power to and adjustingthe position of the moving parts thereof. I

Figure 3 is a plan view of the grader and feeder hopper. v

Figure 4' is a cross section taken on the line .4r-4 on Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a diagrammatic plan View showing the cooperative arrangementof the pins of the Abreaker V elements.

yFigure 6 is a detail end view of a section of the endless conveyorwhich forms the breaker table.

In the drawings, 1 indicates a receiving hopper having the usual flaredreceiving throat-way and a depending abutment skirt 2 and forwardlyextended neck portion 3.

Asuitable supporting table or guideway l may be provided to serve as asupporting medium for the reciprocable grading and screening tableprovidedwith side wings 6 and a receiving floor composed of a.pluralityV of longitudinally positioned spaced rollers 7 mounted insuitable bearings at the ends of the table and to which rotation (inlike direction to all rollers) is transmitted through the connections 8from the. pulley connec`V tions 9 to which said motion is initiallyimparted. A suitable pitman 10 is connected to the table, as at 11, and@an eccentric 12 with which the pitman has a strap connection 18, serveto impart reciprocatory motion to the said table 5.

The neck portion 3 with which the hopper is provided may extendsubstantially to the fore end of thevreciprocable table 5 and it will bereadily understood that as the coal l to be crushed is fed into thehopper it will vbe deposited upon the said table and as the forwardstroke of reciprocation takes place the said coal will be fedalongthattable and ofi" its fore or discharge end. Each time the table movesforwardly an additional amount of coal will be allowed to fall down uponthe same adjacent the abut-V Ward movement of the said tablethat skirt.ment skirt 2 and upon the succeeding reari will act to force the coalforwardly, thus vin like direction the function of that table will be totend to turn edgewiseV such flat tion of the conveyor M passes overpieces oit coal as are small enough to tall through the spaces betweenthe rollers` thus serving both to grade the coal to the desired size andto screen the, same ot slate and the like. Also, by rotating all ot therollers in like direction it is impossible `,tor any ot the coal lumpsto lodge between the same and clog the mechanism.

The diseharge end of the table 5 posiA tionedgso as to discharge, at alow point, upon the receiving! end of the endless couveyer table ldwhich includes side chains l5 adapted to pass over sprockets lt` on thecross shafts 1T and is composed ot closely positioned slats. The slatslfd are each provided at one edge with a convexly curvetli portion 19;terminating in un outnuirdly positioned abutuient shoulder it) and atthe other edge with a concave portion 2L terminan ing in an abutmentedge The concave portion ot one slat is adapted to receive the convexportion oi the adjacent slat and the abutment shoulder 52() to cooperatewith the abutment edge and provide a substantially continiious flateonveyer table which will not readily sag: under its own weight and thatot the `coal.

The upper table :torniing or travel pora supporting;` table 23 adaptedto provide a rest for that portion ot the conveyor and to absorb allpressure and shook applied thereto. Each eonvcyer slat 18 is l'n'ovidedwith a plurality ot eentrally dispoffed equi-distantly spared pinsenvtemline lonuitudih nally thereacross, the spaces between the pins; oneach slut and those ot adj aeentslats being such that eonnideredlongitudinally and erosswise all:` pins are equi-distantly spaced, and aplurality ot said pins are adapted toprovide a rest l'or` a single lumpot coal. A lneakerroller 25, pin studded as at 26, is positionedcentrally above and in opposed relation to the upper travel portion ottheteonveyer table let. The breaker roller is adjustable as to itsopposed relation with the said conveyor `and is adapted to be rotated ata relatively slow speed, say :tor example from thirty to thirty-liverevolutions per minute in a manner soon to be describeth and the pins 2Gwith which the roller is provided are so positioned thereon that eachthereof is adapted to cooperate or be centrally disposed with relationto a plurality of the pins l of the said eon veyer. By re'l'erenee toFigure 5 the positioniner `ot the pins 2d ot' the conveyor table let andthe relative positioning' ot those 2G ol the roller Q5 and thecooperating function thereot wiltbe readily apparent. lt will also beobserved by retereiiice to Fie'A ure 1 ot' the drawings that the pins QGprojeet from the said roller 25 somewhat tan- `e'entially in thedirection ot rotation olE that roller so that the said pins rfil hecaused to engage the coal lmnp in a manner Whereby the torce exertedthereby will be directed to the axis ot each said pin.

A take-oill chute 27 is provided and positioned with the receiving endthereotl closely adjacent the discharge end of the conveyor table lflsoas to receive the broken eoal discharged therefrom.

It will be understood, of Course, that one ot the shafts 1T oi' theconveyer let lis an idler while the othenl'las rotative motion imparted.thereto. The means tor imparting movement to the endless conveyor table14 and the roller Q5 will now be deseribedr The roller is` provided withtrunnion extensions 2S, one of which has` securely mounted thereupon alarge gear 29 to which power is transmitted by the smaller driver pinion3() which `meshes therewith and is mounted `upon the driver shaft 3lupon one end of which is mounted the loose pulleys 532-33' to whichpower is applied by suitable belt transmission, the belt being arrangedto travel horizontally so that vertical adjustment ot the shaft 311 willnot effect the said power transmission.

The shaft and trunnions 311 and 28 have bearings in the connectorbearingV member 3d so that when the roller is adjusted the relation ofthe driver shaft therewith will' be retained, or in other vvords theroller Q5 and the driver shaft Willl be moved in unisony when adjustmentof said' roller is ef- :teeted The bearing,r members Eel are ver tioallyslidable in brackets 35 and each member 3ft is provided with a lateral`extension SGbetween which andthe arms 37 ex tending trom the brackets 35are interposed springs 3S which serve to normally hohl the roller Q5down to its adjusted position while providing'` a yielding means so thatshould a lump of stone or iron be passed between the said roller and theconveyor table the roller Would be permitted to yield upi wardly andthus prevent breakage ot the pins thereojli.

An adjuster shaft 39 is provided and mounted in suitable bearings 4D.'lhe shat 39 is provided with a large driven gear 4l to which rotativemotion is imparted through the medium ol the smal-l pinion l2 meshingtherewith and mounted on the crank shaft et@ which is in turn mounted insuitable bearings and provided with a crank lit by which the rotativemotion may be imparted for etlfeeting the adjustment ot` the roller-S25`The shaft Si) has seeurcd to each end thereof ahevel geur l5 adapted tomesh with `a similar beveh gear 461 rotatablyY conlined insuitablebearings and thread bored to permit passage ol'` the adjuster screws4'1" provided at their upper endswith suitable bearing' buttons 4:8which eng-age sockets 49 in the underside oit` the extensions 3G ot thebearing members Bet.

From the'foregoing it Will be understood that as the crank 44 is turnedrotative motion Will be imparted to the shaft 39 and the confined bevelgear 45 rotated. Movement of the confined gears 45 Will eiect verticalmovementY of the screws 47 causing the roller 25 to move upwardly avvayfrom relation With the conveyer table 14 and against'the tension of thesprings 38, thus permitting adjustment of the opposed relation of thesaid roller andtable according to the size of the coal to be crushed.-

By reason of eorrelatively positioning the pins of the roller 25. andthe conveyer table 14 as illustrated in .Figure 5 of the drawing and bydriving the said parts at the same peripheral speed, means is providedfor breaking the coal into the largest commercial sizes possible Withoutgrinding or crushing action such as Will cause undesired pulverization.

For driving the conveyer table 14 at the same surface speed as that ofthe roller 25 one trunnion 28 and one shaft 17 maybe connected by likesized sprockets and chain transmission devices 59. Obviously gear traintransmission would be the equivalent of the means just above disclosed.y

Figure 1 of the dra-Wings illustrates one unit of adaptation of theinvention. It should beunderstood that a plurality of such units may bepositioned one above the other so that the small size coal lumps Willfall through the greater table onto the hopperof the unit below so as tobe treated in a similar manner as herein described and so on downthrough several such units until practical commercial sizing of the coalhas been completed.

While I have disclosed herein means for feeding the coal to the breakerdevices and for separating and grading the same While so feeding it, Imake no claim in this application to that means as it forms the subjectmatter of a copending'application which is a division of the presentone.

From the foregoing' description, taken in connection with theaccompanying drawings, it is thought that the novel details orconstruction, the manner of operation and the advantages of my inventionwill be readily apparent to those skilled in the art to which itrelates.

lVhat I claim is: Y

1. In a device of the class described, a moving 4table havingprojections so spaced that a plurality thereof will provide supports fora lump of coal, a second movable member opposed to the movable table andhaving breaker pins projecting therefrom, and means independent of thercoal being broken for moving' said table and said inem Y bei'cooperatively toV cause their adjacent surfaces to move substantially atlike speeds and inlike direction for causing the pins of said member toengage `the lumps of coal supported by each plurality ofV projections of said table interniediately of said projec-` tions. Y c

2. In a deviceof the class described, a moving table having projectionsso spaced that a plurality thereof Will provide supports for a lump ofcoal, a second movable member opposed to the movable table and havingbreaker pins projecting therefrom, and means independent of the coalbeing broken for moving lsaid table and said. member cooperatively tocause their adjacent surfaces to move substantially at like speeds andin like direction for causing the pins of said member to engage thelumps of coal supported by eacli plurality of projections of said tableintermediately of said projections, and means for adjusting the relationof said table and member toward and from each other.

3. In a device of the class described, an

endless conveyer table composed of closely related slats having coallump supporting projections, a rotatable roller positioned adjustablyabove and in opposed relation to the conveyer tableY and having breakerpins projecting therefrom, a supporting table beneath the conveyer andthe roller thereabove and over which the former rides to be supportedagainst the coal breaking action, and means independent of thev coalbeing broken for imparting motion to the roller and the conveyer tableat like surface speed and in a manner for presenting each pin thereofcooperatively intermediately of a cooperating plurality of conveyertable projections.

4. In a device of the class described, ay moving table havingprojections so spaced vthat a plurality thereof will provide supportsfor a lump of coal, a rotatable roller opposed to the movable table andhaving breaker pins projecting therefrom, in for- .Wardly inclinedrelation to a radial position` whereby to cause said pins to engage thecoal substantially axially and iiiterniediately of and in substantiallyparallel relation to a plurality of coal lump supporting projecv tionsat a point in advance ofthe axis of said rotatable roller and meansindependent of the coal being broken for moving said table and forrotating said roller cooperatively for causing the pins of said rollerto engage the lumps of coal supported by each plurality of projectionsof said table substantially axially and interincdiately of said tableprojections. ,5. In a device of the class described, movable tablehaving projections so spaced that a plurality` thereof Will providesupports for a lump of coal, a rotatable roller opposed to the movable'table and having breaker pins projecting therefrom, means for causingthe roller and table to move coiio operatively whereby their adjacentsurfaces will more substantially at like speeds and in like directionfor causing the pins ol said` roller to engage the lumps of coalsupported by each plurality of project-ions of saidl tableintermediately of said projections, a` driver shaft, shaft extensions onthe roller, gears connecting the driver shaft and one shalt extension inrotative relation, a slide bracket carrying the respective ends oftheshaft extensions and those ofthe driver shaft to cause said shaft androller and connecting; gears to move together, guide brackets for theslides, yicldable ineans for normally holding the roller and shaft totheir adjust ed position, and means for adjusting the slide brackets forthe purposes specified.

6. In coal ln'eakers, a pair of breaker elenients, at least one ot'which comprises a rotable breaker roller nieinber mounted in cooperativerelation to the other element, a

driver shaft, shaft extensions on the rotat` able roller, gearsconnecting the driver shaft and one shaft extension in rotatablerelation, slide brackets carrying the respective ends of the shaftextensions and those ot` the driver shaft to cause said shaft androtatable specified.

JOSEPH T. NORMAN.

